Automation and robotics essentially take the human out of the loop in production environments, which improves repeatability and reduces variability. For example, automation ensures every test procedure, sequence and step is followed precisely for every unit under test (UUT). No two human operators, no matter how well trained, will test exactly the same way at all times. As well, robots can be programmed, for example, for tedious lifecycle tasks such as repeated button-pushing, knob-turning, screen-reading or other kinds of UUT verification that even the most patient operator will tire of quickly.