Generating ultra-high vacuum (UHV) is not a matter of installing the largest vacuum pump available. UHV is a system property. The chamber, its surfaces, the seals, the connecting lines, the vacuum pumps, and the pressure measurement all must work together. Clean handling is essential. If one element is poorly selected or contaminated, the entire setup will struggle to reach its target pressure. Read more [Picture source: Pfeiffer Vacuum+Fab Solutions on linkedin.com]
